CFA vs CMA: Salary, Difficulty, Cost, Time, Career Opportunities, etc.

In the realm of finance and accounting, choosing between the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) and Certified Management Accountant (CMA) certifications can be a career-defining decision. The CFA opens doors to the world of investment analysis and portfolio management, while the CMA paves the way for success in strategic management accounting and financial decision-making.

Which path should you take? This blog simplifies the decision-making process by comparing the key aspects of both certifications—eligibility, cost, career opportunities, and more. Our goal is to help you identify the right certification that aligns with your professional aspirations and sets the stage for a fulfilling career.

Dive in as we explore the unique benefits of the CFA and CMA, guiding you toward making an informed choice for your future in finance.

What is CFA?

The CFA designation is a globally recognized certification for finance and investment professionals, offered by the CFA Institute. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of investment management, financial analysis, and ethical standards in finance.

Achieving the CFA charter is a testament to the holder’s expertise in investment management and commitment to ethical practice, making it highly valued in roles related to investment analysis and portfolio management.

To know more about CFA as a course, read – All About CFA

What is CMA?

The CMA is a globally recognized certification for finance and accounting professionals, focusing on management accounting and strategic financial management.

Offered by the Institute of Management Accountants (IMA), the CMA program covers financial planning, analysis, control, and decision support, along with professional ethics across two comprehensive exams.

The CMA is designed for those aiming to excel in roles that require critical financial management skills, from corporate accounting to strategic planning.

To know more about CMA as a course, read – US CMA Course Details

Comparison on Various Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

CFA Eligibility Criteria

• Educational Requirement: To enroll in the CFA program, candidates need a bachelor’s degree, to be in their final year of such a program, or have four years of professional experience, or a combination of work and education totaling four years.
• Work Experience: There is no work experience requirement to begin the CFA program. The focus at this stage is on ensuring candidates have a solid foundation of education or professional experience.

CMA Eligibility Criteria

• Educational Requirement: CMA candidates must have a bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution or hold professional certifications recognized by the IMA as equivalent to a bachelor’s degree.
• Work Experience: There is no immediate work experience requirement to start the CMA program. The emphasis is on educational qualifications or the possession of approved professional certifications.

Program Completion Requirements

CFA Program Completion Requirements

• Examination Levels: The CFA program is divided into three levels. These exams test an individual’s knowledge of investment tools, asset valuation, portfolio management, and wealth planning, among other topics.
• Ethical and Professional Standards:The program strongly emphasizes ethical and professional standards, requiring candidates to show deep knowledge of the CFA Institute’s Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct.
• Work Experience: To obtain the CFA charter, candidates need 4,000 hours of relevant work experience related to investment decision-making, which can be gained before, during, or after the exams, over at least three years.

CMA Program Completion Requirements

• Examination Parts: The CMA program consists of two parts, focusing on financial planning, analysis, control, decision support, and professional ethics. Candidates must pass both parts of the exam.
• Continuing Education: CMAs are required to complete 30 hours of continuing professional education (CPE) annually to ensure they remain current in their field. This includes at least 2 hours in the area of ethics.
• Professional Experience: Candidates must complete two continuous years of professional experience in management accounting or financial management. This experience can be gained before or within seven years of passing the exam.

Exam Structure

CFA Exam Structure

• Levels: The CFA program is structured into three levels, each with its own exam. These levels must be completed in sequence.
  • Level I focuses on investment tools and the basics of the investment valuation, including quantitative methods, economics, financial reporting and analysis, and ethical and professional standards.
  • Level II delves into asset valuation, with a strong emphasis on analysis and application using investment tools in various asset classes.
  • Level III centers on portfolio management and wealth planning, testing candidates on their ability to apply the concepts learned in Levels I and II in a cohesive and practical manner.
• Format: Each level of the CFA exam has a different format, combining multiple-choice questions, item sets, and constructed response (essay) questions, with the complexity and depth of questions increasing with each level.

CMA Exam Structure

• Parts: The CMA exam is divided into two parts, which can be taken in any order.
  • Part 1 covers financial planning, performance, and analytics, including topics such as budgeting, forecasting, performance management, cost management, internal controls, and professional ethics.
  • Part 2 focuses on strategic financial management, encompassing financial statement analysis, corporate finance, decision analysis, risk management, investment decisions, and professional ethics.
• Format: Both parts of the CMA exam consist of 100 multiple-choice questions and two 30-minute essay questions. Candidates have four hours to complete each part, providing a comprehensive assessment of their knowledge and skills in management accounting and financial management.

Duration and Flexibility

CFA Duration and Flexibility

• Duration: The CFA program typically takes 2 to 4 years to complete, depending on one’s readiness and first-time exam success. It includes three levels, with a recommended study time of at least 300 hours per level.
• Flexibility: Level I exams are available four times a year, and Levels II and III twice, offering flexibility in scheduling. There’s no fixed period to finish all three levels, allowing candidates to study at their own pace.

CMA Duration and Flexibility

• Duration: The CMA program can be finished between 12 to 18 months, with up to 3 years allowed to pass both exam parts, offering both a clear timeline and flexibility for preparation.
• Flexibility: CMA exams are available in three testing windows (January/February, May/June, September/October), providing flexibility for scheduling and adjustments, including retakes, within the 3-year timeframe.

Program Costs

CFA Program Costs

The journey to becoming a CFA charterholder involves a one-time enrollment fee of approximately INR 26,000.

The registration fees for each of the three exam levels range from INR 67,500 (early registration) to INR 90,000 (standard registration), not accounting for additional study materials or courses candidates might choose.

CMA Program Costs

The CMA certification path requires IMA membership, a program entrance fee, and exam fees for two parts, culminating in a total minimum cost of around INR 1,00,000.

This estimate includes the basic fees required to complete the program but does not include costs for extra study materials or preparatory courses.

Salary Prospects

CFA Charterholders

Earn an average of INR 10 LPA, with potential for higher earnings based on experience and role specificity.

To know more about the Salary Prospects for CFA Charterholders, read – CFA Salaries, Career Opportunities, etc.

CMA Professionals

Have an average salary of INR 9 LPA. Entry-level positions start from INR 5-7 LPA, reaching INR 7-12 LPA with experience, and exceeding INR 20 LPA for senior roles.

To know more about the Salary Prospects for CMA Professionals, read – US CMA Salaries, Career Opportunities, Future Prospects, etc.

Career Opportunities

CFA Charterholders

Excel in investment-focused roles like investment banking, portfolio management, and financial analysis, with global market relevance.

• Investment Banking: Advisory services for mergers, acquisitions, and financial restructuring.
• Portfolio Management: Managing investment portfolios for individuals or institutions.
• Equity Research: Analyzing stocks to provide investment recommendations.
• Financial Consulting: Offering expert advice on financial planning and investment strategies.
• Risk Management: Identifying and mitigating financial risks for organizations.

CMA Professionals

Specialize in management accounting, strategic planning, and financial management within corporations, focusing on internal finance and decision-making.

• Corporate Finance: Managing a company’s financial activities and capital investment decisions.
• Management Accounting: Overseeing internal financial processes and data analysis for business strategy.
• Financial Planning & Analysis: Budgeting, forecasting, and analyzing financial performance to guide strategy.
• Cost Accounting: Assessing production costs to optimize financial efficiency.
• Strategic Decision Support: Providing financial insights and support to inform business decisions.

Global Recognition

CFA Charterholders

• Scope: Recognized in over 165 countries, ideal for international finance careers.
• Industry: Preferred by global financial markets and investment institutions.

CMA Professionals

• Scope: Acknowledged worldwide, with a strong presence in multinational corporations.
• Industry: Valued in corporate finance and management accounting across various sectors.

To know more about the Salaries of CMA Professionals Internationally, read – CMA Salaries Internationally

The CFA’s broad global recognition suits those targeting international investment roles, while the CMA’s global presence caters to strategic finance within corporations, reflecting distinct career trajectories and industry preferences.

Program Difficulty

CFA Program Difficulty

• Known for its rigorous three-level exam structure, demanding a deep understanding of financial analysis, investment management, and ethical standards.
• The extensive curriculum and lower pass rates highlight its challenge.

To get a deeper insight into the difficulty level of CFA Program, read – Is CFA Difficult?

CMA Program Difficulty

• Features a comprehensive two-part exam focusing on management accounting, financial planning, and analysis.
• While also challenging, it’s tailored to professionals in corporate financial management, requiring thorough preparation but often perceived as more specialized.

Both programs demand significant dedication, but the CFA’s broad financial scope and three-exam sequence may present a higher overall difficulty level.

Future Prospects

CFA Charterholders

Offer expansive opportunities in finance globally, ideal for careers in investment and portfolio management.

CMA Professionals

Suited for leadership in corporate finance and strategic planning, promising growth in management roles.

Both programs promise bright futures, with the CFA focusing on global finance and the CMA on corporate financial strategy.

Comparison Table

Criteria	CFA	CMA
Eligibility	Bachelor’s degree or 4 years work experience	Bachelor’s degree
Program Completion	3 levels of exams + 4,000 hours work experience	2 parts exam + 2 years work experience
Exam Structure	3 levels, multiple-choice & essays	2 parts, multiple-choice & essays
Duration & Flexibility	2-4 years, scheduled exams	1-3 years, 3 testing windows/year
Program Costs	Higher due to 3 levels	Lower, 2 parts exam
Salary Prospects	Higher average salary	Competitive, varies by role
Career Opportunities	Investment banking, portfolio management	Corporate finance, strategic planning
Global Recognition	More globally recognized	Recognized, especially in multinational corporations
Program Difficulty	Considered more rigorous	Specialized but comprehensive
Future Prospects	Broad in global finance	Leadership in corporate finance

Making an Informed Decision

Choosing between the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) and Certified Management Accountant (CMA) certifications hinges on several key factors. We have listed some key factors you should consider while making your decision.

Career Objectives

CFA

Ideal for careers in investment banking, portfolio management, and financial analysis. Suited for those keen on a global finance career.

CMA

Best for roles in corporate finance, management accounting, and strategic planning. Fits well if you aim for leadership in corporate financial strategy.

Educational and Professional Background

CFA

The CFA is accessible with varied educational backgrounds, emphasizing work experience.

CMA

The CMA demands a bachelor’s degree, with flexibility in the field of study, focusing on professional experience in relevant areas.

Program Structure and Commitment

CFA

Demands a longer commitment, with three exams and at least 4,000 hours of work experience over 2 to 4 years.

CMA

Shorter path with two exams and two years of professional experience, potentially completing in 12 to 18 months.

Exam Difficulty and Study Time

CFA

Known for its rigorous exam structure, requiring extensive preparation across a broad financial curriculum.

CMA

Also challenging, focusing on management accounting and corporate finance, but with a more specialized scope.

Global Recognition and Mobility

CFA

Offers wide global recognition, facilitating international career opportunities in finance.

CMA

Recognized globally, especially in multinational corporations, with a focus on internal finance roles.

Making Your Choice

• Reflect on your career goals, the investment in time and effort you’re willing to make, and the financial skills you aim to develop.
• Align your choice with your long-term professional vision and which certification will best enable your success and growth in that direction.

Choosing between CFA and CMA ultimately comes down to where you see yourself in the future and the type of financial expertise you wish to acquire. Consider your aspirations, readiness to commit to the program’s demands, and how each certification aligns with your career path.

Conclusion

Deciding between the CFA and CMA isn’t just about picking a certification—it’s about shaping your career. Do you see yourself mastering the global finance arena or leading corporate financial strategies? Your choice today is your career milestone tomorrow.

Choose CFA for a journey into investment and global financial markets. It’s your gateway to a world where finance knows no borders.

Opt for CMA to command the strategic realms of corporate finance, where your decisions drive business success.

Your path reflects your ambition. Whether it’s the comprehensive challenge of the CFA or the strategic depth of the CMA, make your decision with vision. Your finance career begins with this choice. Make it count.

Frequently Asked Questions